Grass Trees Explained: How to Plant, Transplant, Save & Grow Australian Grass Trees
Grass trees are one of the most iconic native plants in Australia. Their strong architectural form, long lifespan and ability to create instant visual impact make them a popular choice in both residential and commercial landscaping. Whether placed in a modern courtyard, coastal garden or large-scale project, they provide a level of structure and presence that few plants can match.
Despite their rugged appearance, grass trees are not indestructible. In fact, they are often misunderstood, and many failures come from incorrect planting, poor drainage or mishandling during installation. Understanding how they grow and what conditions they need is essential if you want them to thrive long-term.
A grass tree is an Australian native plant from the genus Xanthorrhoea, known for its blackened trunk, narrow leaves and tall flowering spike. It is a slow-growing plant that is widely used in landscaping for its distinctive appearance and durability in Australian conditions.
Grass trees are not true grasses or trees. They belong to a unique group of plants that develop a trunk over time, topped with a dense crown of long, thin leaves. This structure gives them their signature look, making them highly recognisable.
They grow extremely slowly, often only a few centimetres per year. This slow growth means that larger specimens can take decades to develop, which is why mature plants are highly valued.
Grass trees are commonly used as feature plants. Their strong vertical form contrasts well with low plantings, gravel and hard landscaping elements. They are also well suited to native garden designs and modern outdoor spaces.
Plant grass trees in full sun using free-draining soil, keep the root ball intact, plant at the correct depth and water carefully during establishment.
Choosing the right location is critical. Grass trees need sunlight and airflow, so avoid shaded or enclosed areas. They also do not tolerate waterlogged conditions, so avoid low spots where water collects.
Soil preparation is one of the most important steps. Grass trees require free-draining soil. If your soil is heavy or clay-based, it is essential to improve drainage before planting. This may involve raising the planting area or incorporating coarse material into the soil.
When handling the plant, avoid disturbing the roots. Grass trees are sensitive to root damage, and keeping the root ball intact will significantly improve establishment success.
Plant the tree at the same depth it was growing previously. Planting too deep can cause moisture to build up around the base, leading to issues over time.
After planting, water thoroughly to settle the soil. Continue watering during establishment, but avoid overwatering. The soil should remain moist but not wet.
